Hye dears..
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| Every married couple wants a baby.. |
For this post actually I got an idea to write about In Vitro Fertilization.IVF is a process by which egg cells are fertilised by sperm outside the body, in vitro. IVF is a major treatment in infertility when other methods of assisted reproductive technology have failed. The process involves hormonally controlling the ovulatory process, removing oval (eggs) from the woman's ovaries and letting sperm fertilise them in a fluid medium. The fertilised egg (zygote) is then transferred to the patient's uterus with the intent to establish a successful pregnancy. The first successful birth of a "test tube baby", Louise Brown, occurred in 1978.
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| IVF |
The term in vitro, from the Latin root meaning in glass, is used, because early biological experiments involving cultivation of tissues outside the living organism from which they came, were carried out in glass containers such as beakers, test tubes, or petri dishes. Today, the term in vitro is used to refer to any biological procedure that is performed outside the organism it would normally be occurring in, to distinguish it from an in vivo procedure, where the tissue remains inside the living organism within which it is normally found. A colloquial term for babies conceived as the result of IVF, "test tube babies", refers to the tube-shaped containers of glass or plastic resin, called test tubes, that are commonly used in chemistry labs and biology labs. However, in vitro fertilisation is usually performed in the shallower containers called Petri dishes. One IVF method, Autologous Endometrial Coculture, is actually performed on organic material, but is still considered in vitro.
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| Fertilization process |
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This is the original 'test tube' technique. The most common indication for this procedure is blocked or damaged Fallopian tubes. IVF is offered for infertility problems which do not respond to conventional medical or surgical therapy. These include damaged fallopian tubes, endometriosis, semen abnormalities, unexplained infertility, or when a combination of factors prevent pregnancy. IVF is a process involving stimulating the development of multiple ova (eggs) which are then retrieved from the ovaries by ultrasound-guided needle puncture. The eggs are then transferred to the laboratory where they are fertilized with the partner's sperm and are allowed to develop in special culture medium. The embryos that result are then replaced in the uterus where they will hopefully attach and develop further into a successful pregnancy. Requirements - An adequate semen sample.
- The production of 4 or more oocytes (eggs).
- Hormone treatment (superovulation) to ensure the development of several oocytes.
- Monitoring of follicular growth.
- Induction of ovulation.
- Transvaginal aspiration of oocytes, under sedation (intra-venous introduction of drugs for sedation).
- The sperm sample is collected approximately 1 hour before the aspiration of the oocytes.
- Oocytes are inseminated with the husband's sperm sample.
- Embryo development (2-5 days).
- Transvaginal transfer (no anaesthetic) of up to 4 embryos.
- Pregnancy test (10 to 13 days after transfer).
Benefits- For the infertile couple, the benefits of IVF are tremendous. No matter the situation, an egg will always unite with a viable sperm cell and be inserted into the woman's body. Procedures such as intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), assisted hatching, genetic counseling and frozen embryo transfers are all made possible through IVF. Donor sperm and eggs are sometimes used as well, so this is another benefit if the couple is not able to use the man's sperm or the woman's eggs for some reason.
Misconceptions- Children resulting from IVF treatment often are thought of as "test tube babies." While the embryo may be created in a petri dish, the child grows just like any other, inside the womb. Another common misconception is that IVF is an easy procedure. In reality, it takes months of planning, and the woman must take fertility injections and monitor her cycles closely to ensure that the egg retrieval and transfer are taking place at the proper times.
Warning
The challenge with IVF is implantation. There is no current technology that can be used to implant the embryo into the woman's uterus; the embryo is simply injected into the uterine cavity in hopes that it will implant on its own (assisted hatching can aid in this, however). Another disadvantage to IVF is the cost. One round of treatment can cost over $10,000 as of September 2009, and since there are no guarantees, this can add up very quickly. Lastly, the risk of multiple embryos implanting in the uterus is very high and this can lead to selective termination or at the very least, a high-risk pregnancy that poses a danger to the mother and the babies.
For the infertile couple, the benefits of IVF are tremendous. No matter the situation, an egg will always unite with a viable sperm cell and be inserted into the woman's body. Procedures such as intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), assisted hatching, genetic counseling and frozen embryo transfers are all made possible through IVF. Donor sperm and eggs are sometimes used as well, so this is another benefit if the couple is not able to use the man's sperm or the woman's eggs for some reason.
Misconceptions
Children resulting from IVF treatment often are thought of as "test tube babies." While the embryo may be created in a petri dish, the child grows just like any other, inside the womb. Another common misconception is that IVF is an easy procedure. In reality, it takes months of planning, and the woman must take fertility injections and monitor her cycles closely to ensure that the egg retrieval and transfer are taking place at the proper times.
Warning
The challenge with IVF is implantation. There is no current technology that can be used to implant the embryo into the woman's uterus; the embryo is simply injected into the uterine cavity in hopes that it will implant on its own (assisted hatching can aid in this, however). Another disadvantage to IVF is the cost. One round of treatment can cost over $10,000 as of September 2009, and since there are no guarantees, this can add up very quickly. Lastly, the risk of multiple embryos implanting in the uterus is very high and this can lead to selective termination or at the very least, a high-risk pregnancy that poses a danger to the mother and the babies.
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